아/어/여야 되다/하다 (a/eo/yeoya doeda/hada) is a sentence ending that means “should, must,” or “have to.” The last verb 되다 (doeda) literally means “to become” and 하다 (hada) means “to do” but here, combined with the -아/어/여 (a/eo/yeo) + 야 (ya) conjugation, it means “should/must/have to.” 되다 (doeda) and 하다 (hada) are usually interchangeable, but we use 되다 (doeda) more often in colloquial situations.
1. 가다 (gada) “to go”
가 (ga) – verb stem
가 + -아야 되다/하다
가야 되다 (gaya doeda) “should go”
지금 가야 돼요/해요. (jigeum gaya dwaeyo/haeyo) “I have to go now.”
2. 듣다 (deutda) “to hear/listen”
듣 (deut) – verb stem (ㄷ irregular)
듣 + 어야 되다/하다 (ㄷ changes to ㄹ)
들어야 되다 (deureoya doeda) “should listen”
이 노래를 들어야 돼요. (i norae-reul deureoya dwaeyo/haeyo) “I have to listen to this song.”
jibe gaya dwaeyo.
“I have to go home.”
언제까지 해야 돼요?
eonje-kkaji haeya dwaeyo?
“When do you have to finish it by?”
꼭 해야 돼요?
kkok haeya dwaeyo?
“Do you really have to do it?”
저는 뭐 해야 해요?
jeo-neun mwo haeya haeyo?
“What do I have to do?”
서둘러야 돼요.
seodulleoya dwaeyo
“You need to hurry up.”
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